DVT prophylaxis - antithrombotics - orthopedic surgery clinical trials results meta-analysis

<h1> <a href="TM18-8-antithrombotics-DVTprophylaxis.html"> <strong>DVT prophylaxis</strong> - antithrombotics </a> - orthopedic surgery trial results systematic overview and meta-analysis </h1> <h2>Main characteristics of the included studies</h2> <table> <tr> <th>Trial</th> <th>Treatments</th> <th>Patients</th> <th>Methods</th> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> PEP hip-fracture, 2000 </a> <br> </td> <td> aspirin 160mg/d started preoperatively and continued for 35 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> patients undergoing surgery for hip fracture </td> <td> follow-up 35 days<br> n=6679/6677<br> Parallel groups<br> Double blind <br> Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4185.html"> Turpie, 1986 </a> <br> </td> <td> Enoxaparin 3000 x2<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Placebo </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up 14 days or discharge<br> n=50/50<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Leclerc, 1991 </a> <br> </td> <td> Enoxaparin 3000 x2<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Placebo </td> <td> Knee </td> <td> follow-up 14 days<br> n=65/64<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Jorgensen, 1989 </a> <br> </td> <td> dalteparin 5000 x1<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Placebo </td> <td> Hip fracture </td> <td> follow-up 9 days<br> n=30/38<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4188.html"> Torholm, 1991 </a> <br> </td> <td> dalteparin 5000x1<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Placebo </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up 9 days<br> n=58/54<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4189.html"> Lassen, 1991 </a> <br> </td> <td> tinzaparin 50/kg x1 +elastic stockings<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Placebo+elastic stockings </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up 8-10 days<br> n=105/105<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4190.html"> DES Group , 1991 </a> <br> </td> <td> Enoxaparin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Dextran </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=120/126<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4191.html"> Eriksson , 1988 </a> <br> </td> <td> dalteparin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Dextran </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=50/50<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4192.html"> Matzsch , 1988 </a> <br> </td> <td> dalteparin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Dextran </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=48/52<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4193.html"> Matzsch , 1991 </a> <br> </td> <td> dalteparin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Dextran </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=120/123<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4194.html"> Planes , 1988 </a> <br> </td> <td> Enoxaparin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Unfractionated heparin </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=124/113<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4195.html"> Levine , 1991 </a> <br> </td> <td> Enoxaparin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Unfractionated heparin </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=333/332<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4196.html"> Chiapuzzo , 1988 </a> <br> </td> <td> Fluxum<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Unfractionated heparin </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=70/70<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4197.html"> Pini , 1989 </a> <br> </td> <td> Fluxum<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Unfractionated heparin </td> <td> Hip </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=25/24<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4198.html"> Haas , 1985 </a> <br> </td> <td> dalteparin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Unfractionated heparin </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=65/65<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4199.html"> Binsack , 1986 </a> <br> </td> <td> dalteparin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Unfractionated heparin </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=48/47<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4200.html"> Barre , 1987 </a> <br> </td> <td> dalteparin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Unfractionated heparin </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=40/40<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4201.html"> Dechavanne , 1989 </a> <br> </td> <td> dalteparin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Unfractionated heparin </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=82/40<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4202.html"> Eriksson , 1989 </a> <br> </td> <td> dalteparin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Unfractionated heparin </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=67/69<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Monreal , 1989 </a> <br> </td> <td> dalteparin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Unfractionated heparin </td> <td> Hip </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=46/44<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4204.html"> Leyvraz , 1991 </a> <br> </td> <td> Fraxiparin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Unfractionated heparin </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=203/206<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4205.html"> Haas , 1987 </a> <br> </td> <td> Sandoz +0.5mg DHE<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Unfractionated heparin </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=80/80<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4206.html"> Lassen, 1988 </a> <br> </td> <td> certoparin 3000+0.5mg DHE, x1<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Placebo </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up 6 days<br> n=118/122<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Lassen, 1989 </a> <br> </td> <td> certoparin 3000+0.5mg DHE x1<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> Hip fracture </td> <td> follow-up 6 days<br> n=68/71<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4263.html"> Yoo, 1997 </a> <br> </td> <td> nadroparin 41/kgx1 days 1-3, 62/kg x1 days 4-11+elastic stockings<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> no treatment </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up 10 days<br> n=50/50<br> <br> open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4264.html"> Samama, 1997 </a> <br> </td> <td> enoxaparin 4000x1+elastic stockings<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Placebo+elastic stockings </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up 8-12 days<br> n=85/85<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Levine, 1996 </a> <br> </td> <td> ardeparin 50/kgx2 +elastic stockings<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Placebo+elastic stockings </td> <td> Knee </td> <td> follow-up 14 days<br> n=122/124<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4266.html"> Kalodiki, 1996 </a> <br> </td> <td> enoxaparin 4000x1<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Placebo </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up discharge (8-12 days )<br> n=13/14<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t4267.html"> Warwick, 1995 </a> <br> </td> <td> enoxaparin 4000x1 + elastic stockings<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> no treatment + elastic stockings </td> <td> Elective hip </td> <td> follow-up 8-10 days<br> n=78/78<br> <br> open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Sourmelis, 1995 </a> <br> </td> <td> nadroparin 3075x1 preop, 6150x1 post op<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Placebo </td> <td> Hip fracture </td> <td> follow-up 10-12 days<br> n=72/78<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> RE-MOBILIZE (220mg), 2008 </a> <br> </td> <td> dabigatran etexilate 220 mg for 12-15 days <br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Enoxaparin 30mg SC BID after surgery for 12-15 days </td> <td> Total knee replacement </td> <td> follow-up 12-15 days, median 14d<br> n=862/876<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> US, Canada, Mexico, UK </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> RE-MODEL (220mg), 2007 </a> <br> </td> <td> dabigatran etexilate 220 mg q.d. 6-10 days <br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Enoxaparin 40 mg q.d. for 6-10 days </td> <td> Total knee replacement </td> <td> follow-up 6-10 days, mean 8 days<br> n=694/699<br> <br> double blind <br> Europe, Australia, South Africa </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t6729.html"> RE-NOVATE (220mg), 2007 </a> <br> NCT00168818 </td> <td> dabigatran etexilate 220 mg q.d. for 28-35 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Enoxaparin 40 mg q.d. for 23-35 days </td> <td> Total hip replacement </td> <td> follow-up 28-35 days, median 33d<br> n=1157/1162<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> Europe, Australia, South Africa </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> RE-MODEL (150mg), 2007 </a> <br> </td> <td> dabigatran etexilate 150 mg q.d. for 6-10 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Enoxaparin 40 mg q.d. for 6-10 days </td> <td> Total knee replacement </td> <td> follow-up 6-10 days, mean 8 days<br> n=708/699<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> Europe, Australia, South Africa </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> RE-NOVATE (150mg), 2007 </a> <br> NCT00168818 </td> <td> dabigatran etexilate 150 mg q.d. 28-35 days <br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Enoxaparin 40 mg q.d. for 28-25 days </td> <td> Total hip replacement </td> <td> follow-up 28-35 days, median 33d<br> n=1174/1162<br> <br> double blind <br> Europe, Australia, South Africa </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> RE-MOBILIZE (150mg), 2008 </a> <br> </td> <td> dabigatran etexilate 150 mg q.d. for 12-15 days <br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 30 mg SC BID after surgery for 12-15 days </td> <td> Total knee replacement </td> <td> follow-up 12-15 days, median 14d<br> n=877/876<br> <br> double blind <br> US, Canada, Mexico, UK </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> PENTAMAKS (Bauer), 2001 </a> <br> </td> <td> fondaparinux 2.5-mg once-daily subcutaneous, starting 6 hours after surgery<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 30mg twice daily (North america recommendation) </td> <td> elective major knee surgery </td> <td> follow-up 11 days<br> n=517/517<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> North america </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> PENTHIFRA�PLUS (Eriksson), 2003 </a> <br> </td> <td> 25-31 days of fondaparinux 2.5-mg once-daily<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> 6-8 days of fondaparinux 2.5-mg once-daily </td> <td> patients undergoing hip fracture surgery </td> <td> follow-up 19-23 days<br> n=656/0<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> PENTHIFRA (Eriksson), 2001 </a> <br> </td> <td> fondaparinux 2.5-mg once-daily subcutaneous, starting 6 hours after surgery<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaprin 40mg once daily </td> <td> hip fracture surgery </td> <td> follow-up 11 days<br> n=831/840<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> 21 countries </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> PENTATHLON (Turpie), 2002 </a> <br> </td> <td> fondaparinux 2.5-mg once-daily subcutaneous, starting 6 hours after surgery<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 30mg twice daily (North america recommendation) </td> <td> elective hip replacement surgery </td> <td> follow-up 11 days<br> n=1138/1137<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> USA, Canada, Australia </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> EPHESUS (Lassen), 2002 </a> <br> </td> <td> fondaparinux 2.5-mg once-daily subcutaneous, starting 6 hours after surgery<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaprin 40mg once daily </td> <td> elective hip replacement surgery </td> <td> follow-up 11 days (6 weeks)<br> n=1155/1154<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> 16 European countries </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Phase II (Heit), 2001 </a> <br> </td> <td> Ximelagatran 8, 12, 18 or 24 mgorally b.d., at least 12 h after surgery for 6�12 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Enoxaparin 30 mg s.c. b.d.,starting at least 12 h after surgery for 6�12 days </td> <td> adults (age>18 years and weight at least 40 kg) undergoing knee replacements </td> <td> follow-up 6�12 days<br> n=600/0<br> parallel group<br> double-blind <br> North American </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Platinum (Colwell), 2003 </a> <br> </td> <td> Ximelagatran 24 mg orally b.d., starting at least 12 h after surgery for 7�12 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Enoxaparin 30 mg s.c. b.d.,starting at least 12 h after surgery for 7�12 days </td> <td> adults undergoing hip replacement </td> <td> follow-up 7�12 days<br> n=906/910<br> parallel group<br> double-blind <br> USA, Canada, Israel, Mexico,Argentina, South Africa </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> METHRO I, 2002 </a> <br> </td> <td> Melagatran 1�4 mg s.c. immediately before surgery, melagatran at 20.00 hours, then ximelagatran 6�24 mg orally b.d. for 6�9 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Dalteparin 5000 IU o.d., started evening before surgery for 6�9 days </td> <td> adults undergoing hip or knee replacement </td> <td> follow-up 6�9 days<br> n=103/0<br> parallel group<br> open <br> Swedish </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> METHRO II, 2002 </a> <br> </td> <td> Melagatran 1�3 mg s.c. immediately before surgery,melagatran same day, then ximelagatran 8�24 mg orally b.d. for 7�10 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Dalteparin 5000 IU o.d., started evening before surgery for 7�10 days </td> <td> undergoing hip or knee replacement </td> <td> follow-up 7�10 days<br> n=1495/381<br> Parallel groups<br> double-blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> METHRO III, 2002 </a> <br> </td> <td> Melagatran 3 mg s.c. 4�12h after surgery, then ximelagatran24 mg orally b.d. for 7�10 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Enoxaparin 40 mg s.c. o.d. 12 h before surgery for 7�10 days </td> <td> hip or knee replacement </td> <td> follow-up 8�11 days<br> n=2788/0<br> <br> double-blind <br> Europe, South Africa </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> EXPRESS, 2003 </a> <br> </td> <td> Melagatran 2 mg s.c. up to 30 min before surgery, then melagatran 3 mg at least 8 hafter surgery, then ximelagatran 24 mg orally b.d. for 8�11 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Enoxaparin 40 mg s.c. o.d.,starting 12 h before surgery for 8�11 days </td> <td> hip or knee replacement </td> <td> follow-up 8�11 days<br> n=2835/0<br> parallel group<br> double-blind <br> Europe </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Stockholm-I, 1975 </a> <br> </td> <td> Aspirin 2000mg daily<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> elective surgery of the hip </td> <td> follow-up 2 weeks<br> n=26/25<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Lyon-I, 1975 </a> <br> </td> <td> Aspirin 1500 mg daily + Dipyridamole<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> control </td> <td> Elective orthopaedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up 2 weeks<br> n=20/20<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Massachusetts-II, 1976 </a> <br> </td> <td> Hydroxychloroquine 600mg daily<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> fractures or orthopaedic operations involving the skeleton between the knee and the pelvis </td> <td> follow-up 3 weeks<br> n=51/51<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Pasteyer, 1977 </a> <br> </td> <td> Aspirin 1000mg daily + Hep<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> control (Hep alone) </td> <td> Elective orthopaedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up 2 weeks<br> n=20/20<br> Parallel groups<br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Harris-I, 1977 </a> <br> </td> <td> Aspirin 1200mg daily<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> patients over 40 years of age, who had undergone total hip replacement </td> <td> follow-up 1 weeks<br> n=58/59<br> Parallel groups<br> double-blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> McKenna-I, 1980 </a> <br> </td> <td> Aspirin 975mg or 3900mg daily<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> total knee replacement </td> <td> follow-up 2 weeks<br> n=24/12<br> Parallel groups<br> double-blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Sautter, 1983 </a> <br> </td> <td> Aspirin 900mg daily + sulfinpyrazone<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> patient with total hip replacement </td> <td> follow-up 3 weeks<br> n=68/77<br> Parallel groups<br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Cooke, 1977 </a> <br> </td> <td> Hydroxychloroquine<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> elective surgery on the hip </td> <td> follow-up 2 weeks<br> n=25/25<br> Parallel groups<br> double-blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Rocha, 1986 </a> <br> </td> <td> Aspirin 250mg or 1000mg daily<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> control (combination of heparin plus dihydroergotamine) </td> <td> total hip replacement </td> <td> follow-up 1 weeks<br> n=60/30<br> Parallel groups<br> open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> McKenna-II, 1983 </a> <br> </td> <td> Ticlopidine<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> Elective orthopaedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up 2 weeks<br> n=29/29<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> McBride, 1983 </a> <br> </td> <td> A1800+Dipyridamole<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> Elective orthopaedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up 1 weeks<br> n=21/22<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Hume-A, 1977 </a> <br> </td> <td> Hydroxychloroquine<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> total hip replacement </td> <td> follow-up 2 weeks<br> n=20/20<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Lyon-II, 3000 </a> <br> </td> <td> Ticlopidine<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> Elective orthopaedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up 3 weeks<br> n=20/20<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Gardecki, 3000 </a> <br> </td> <td> Ticlopidine<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> Elective orthopaedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up 2 weeks<br> n=48/46<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Stockholm-II, 1981 </a> <br> </td> <td> Hydroxychloroquine<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> total hip replacement </td> <td> follow-up 2 weeks<br> n=18/17<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Hamburg, 1976 </a> <br> </td> <td> A+Dipyridamole,A1000<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> Elective orthopaedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up 3 weeks<br> n=21/11<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Hull, 1993 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Logiparin 75 anti-Xa IU /kg x1 </td> <td> THR or TKR (stratified) </td> <td> follow-up Day 14 or discharge<br> n=721/715<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> RD Heparin, 1994 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Ardeparin 50 anti-Xa IU /kg or 90 anti-Xa IU /kg x1 </td> <td> THR or TKR </td> <td> follow-up 3 months<br> n=403/770<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Hamulyak, 1994 </a> <br> </td> <td> Acenocoumarol<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Nadroparin 60 anti-Xa IU /kg x1 </td> <td> THR or TKR (stratified) </td> <td> follow-up Day 10 � 2<br> n=342/330<br> <br> single blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Leclerc, 1996 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Enoxaparin 30 mg x2 </td> <td> TKR </td> <td> follow-up 6 months<br> n=334/336<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Francis, 1997 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Dalteparin 5000 anti-Xa IU x1 </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up Day 7 � 2<br> n=292/288<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Heit, 1997 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Ardeparin 25, 35, 50 anti-Xa U /kg x2 </td> <td> TKR </td> <td> follow-up Days 5�14<br> n=279/554<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Colwell, 1999 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Enoxaparin 30 mg x2 </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up 3 months<br> n=1495/1516<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Hull, 2000 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Dalteparin 5000 anti-Xa IU x1 </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up Day 6 � 2<br> n=489/983<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Fitzgerald, 2001 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Enoxaparin 30 mg x2 </td> <td> TKR </td> <td> follow-up 3 weeks<br> n=176/173<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Samama, 2001 </a> <br> </td> <td> Acenocoumarol<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Reviparin 4200 anti-Xa IU x1 </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up 6 weeks<br> n=645/644<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Borsgtrom, 1965 </a> <br> </td> <td> Dicoumarol<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> No treatment </td> <td> HFS </td> <td> follow-up 3�4 weeks<br> n=29/29<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Eskeland, 1966 </a> <br> </td> <td> Phenindione<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> No treatment </td> <td> HFS </td> <td> follow-up 3 months<br> n=100/100<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Myrhe, 1969 </a> <br> </td> <td> Wwarfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Placebo </td> <td> HFS </td> <td> follow-up 3 weeks<br> n=50/55<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Hamilton, 1970 </a> <br> </td> <td> Phenindione<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> No treatment </td> <td> HFS </td> <td> follow-up 3�10 months<br> n=38/38<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Pinto, 1970 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> No treatment </td> <td> Hip surgery </td> <td> follow-up > 3 weeks<br> n=25/25<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Hume, 1973 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> No treatment </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up Discharge<br> n=17/19<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Morris, 1976 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> No treatment </td> <td> HFS </td> <td> follow-up 3 months<br> n=80/80<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Powers, 1989 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> No treatment </td> <td> HFS </td> <td> follow-up 3 months<br> n=65/63<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Myrhe, 1969 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Dextran 70 </td> <td> HFS </td> <td> follow-up 3 weeks<br> n=50/55<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Harris, 1972 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Dextran 40 </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up NA<br> n=114/113<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Barber, 1977 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Dextran 70 </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up 11�14 days<br> n=58/51<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Francis, 1983 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Dextran 40 </td> <td> THR or TKR (stratified) </td> <td> follow-up 5�7 days<br> n=57/43<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Hume, 1973 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Sudoxicam </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up Discharge<br> n=52/51<br> <br> single blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Powers, 1989 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Aspirin 650 mg x2 </td> <td> HFS </td> <td> follow-up 3 months<br> n=65/66<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Lotke, 1997 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Aspirin 325 mg x2 </td> <td> THR or TKR (stratified) </td> <td> follow-up 6 months<br> n=146/166<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Paiement, 1987 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> IPC </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up 12 days<br> n=80/83<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Bailey, 1991 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> IPC </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up 5�7 days<br> n=45/50<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Kaempffe, 1991 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> IPC </td> <td> THR or TKR (stratified) </td> <td> follow-up At least 2 months<br> n=52/48<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Francis, 1992 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> IPC </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up 6�8 days<br> n=103/98<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Hume, 1973 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> UFH 5000 x3 </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up Discharge<br> n=17/18<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Barber, 1977 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> UFH 5000 x2 </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up 11�14 days<br> n=58/19<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Gerhart, 1991 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Danaparoid 750 U x2 </td> <td> HFS </td> <td> follow-up 9 days<br> n=131/132<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> van Comp, 1998 </a> <br> </td> <td> Warfarin<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Danaparoid 750 U x2 </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up 3 months<br> n=247/241<br> <br> Open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> van Geloven, 1977 </a> <br> </td> <td> Acenocoumarol<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> UFH 4000 �x2 </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up NA<br> n=11/11<br> <br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Williams , 1978 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH twice daily for 14 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> elective orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=106/106<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Abraham-Inpijn , 1975 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH twice daily for 8 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> elective orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=12/13<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Lowe , 1981 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH twice daily for 16 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> elective orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=51/49<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Morris, 1974 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH twice daily for 10 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> no treatment </td> <td> elective orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=36/36<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Welin-Berger, 1982 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH twice daily for 7 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> no treatment </td> <td> elective orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=20/20<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Bergqvist , 1979 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH twice daily for 5 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> no treatment </td> <td> elective orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=84/77<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Hampson, 1974 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH 3 times daily for 7- 10 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> elective orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=48/52<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Moskovitz, 1978 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH 3 times daily for 7 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> elective orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=35/32<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> VTCSG, 1975 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH twice daily for 10 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> no treatment </td> <td> elective orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=34/30<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Mannucci , 1976 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH 3 times daily for 7 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> no treatment </td> <td> elective orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=23/24<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Dechavanne, 1974 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH 3 times daily for 10 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> no treatment </td> <td> elective orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=29/29<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Dechavanne, 1975 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH 3 times daily for 10 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> no treatment </td> <td> elective orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=20/21<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Lahnborg, 1980 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH twice daily for 10 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> traumatic orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=70/69<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Xabregas , 1977 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH twice daily for 14 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> traumatic orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=27/26<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Bergqvist, 1979 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH twice daily for 5 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> no treatment </td> <td> traumatic orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=32/23<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Galasko , 1976 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH twice daily (duration unknown)<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> no treatment </td> <td> traumatic orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=50/50<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Moskovitz, 1978 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH 3 times daily for 7 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> traumatic orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=29/23<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Svend-Hansen, 1981 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH 3 times daily for 14 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> traumatic orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=65/65<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Gallus , 1973 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH 3 times daily for A<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> no treatment </td> <td> traumatic orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=23/23<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Morris , 1977 </a> <br> </td> <td> UFH 3 times daily for 10 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> no treatment </td> <td> traumatic orthopedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=24/24<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> ODIXa-HIP 10mg, 2006 </a> <br> </td> <td> rivaroxaban 10mg daily for 5�9 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> once-daily subcutaneous enoxaparin dose of 40 mg for 5�9 days </td> <td> patients undergoing elective total hip replacement </td> <td> follow-up 5-9 days<br> n=142/157<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> Europe, Israel </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> ODIXa-KNEE, 2005 </a> <br> </td> <td> BAY 59-7939 5mg b.i.d. for 5�9 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 30 mg b.i.d. for 5�9 days </td> <td> patients undergoing elective total knee replacement </td> <td> follow-up 5-9 days<br> n=102/105<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> North America </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> APROPOS 2.5mg, 2007 </a> <br> NCT00097357 </td> <td> apixaban 2.5mg BID for 12 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 30mg twice daily for 12 days </td> <td> patients undergoing elective total knee replacement surgery </td> <td> follow-up 12 days<br> n=153/152<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Turpie, 2001 </a> <br> </td> <td> pentasaccharide Org31540/SR90107A subcutaneous once daily at doses 0.75 mg, 1.5 mg, 3.0 mg, 6.0 mg, and 8.0 mg<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 30mg once daily subcutaneous </td> <td> patients undergoing total hip replacement </td> <td> follow-up >15 days<br> n=673/260<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> US, Canada, Autralia </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> DRIVE, 2008 </a> <br> NCT00338897 </td> <td> SR123781A for 5-10 days, doses ranging from 0.25 to 4.0 mg daily for 10 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 40 mg </td> <td> patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery </td> <td> follow-up 5-10 days<br> n=854/169<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> 12 countries </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> RECORD 1, 2008 </a> <br> NCT00329628 </td> <td> rivaroxaban 10mg once daily for 35 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 40mg subcutaneous once daily for 31-39 days </td> <td> patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty </td> <td> follow-up 36 days (range 30-42)<br> n=2266/2275<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> 27 countries worldwide </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> RECORD 2, 2008 </a> <br> NCT00332020 </td> <td> extended thromboprophylaxis with rivaroxaban 10mg once daily for 31-39 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 40mg subcutaneous once daily for 10-14 days </td> <td> patients undergoing elective total hip replacement </td> <td> follow-up 30-42 days<br> n=1252/1257<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> 21 countries worldwide </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> RECORD 3, 2008 </a> <br> NCT00361894 </td> <td> rivaroxaban 10 mg once daily for 10- 14 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 40 mg subcutaneous once daily for 10-14 days </td> <td> patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty </td> <td> follow-up 13-17 days<br> n=1254/1277<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> 19 countries worldwide </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> RECORD 4, 2009 </a> <br> NCT00362232 </td> <td> rivaroxaban 10mg once daily for 10 to 14 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 30 mg twice daily by subcutaneous injection for 10-14 days </td> <td> patients who had undergone total-knee-replacement surgery </td> <td> follow-up 40 days<br> n=1584/1564<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> 12 countries </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Bergqvist, 1996 </a> <br> </td> <td> in hospital thromboprophylaxis followed by out of hospital Enoxaparin 40 mg once a day for a total duration of 30 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Enoxaparin 40 mg once a day for 10-11 days </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=117/116<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Planes, 1996 </a> <br> </td> <td> in hospital thromboprophylaxis followed by out of hospital Enoxaparin 40 mg once a day for a total duration of 35 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Enoxaparin 40 mg once a day for 13-15 days </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=90/89<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Dahl, 1997 </a> <br> </td> <td> in hospital thromboprophylaxis followed by out of hospital Dalteparin 5000 IU once a day for a total duration of 35 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Dalteparin 5000 IU once a day for 7 days (dextran day 0 and day 1) </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=134/131<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Lassen, 1998 </a> <br> </td> <td> in hospital thromboprophylaxis followed by out of hospital Dalteparin 5000 IU once a day for a total duration of 35 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Dalteparin 5000 IU once a day for 7 days </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=140/141<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Manganelli, 1998 </a> <br> </td> <td> in hospital thromboprophylaxis followed by out of hospital UFH 5000 IU three times a day for a total duration of 30 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> UFH 5000 IU three times a day for 15 days </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=79/80<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> NPHDO, 1998 </a> <br> </td> <td> in hospital thromboprophylaxis followed by out of hospital Nadroparin weight-adjusted for a total duration of 37-38 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Nadroparin weight-adjusted for 16-17 days </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=173/173<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Heit, 2000 </a> <br> </td> <td> in hospital thromboprophylaxis followed by out of hospital Ardeparin 100 IU/kg once a day for a total duration of 42 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Ardeparin 50 IU/kg twice a day for 4-10 days </td> <td> THR or TKR </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=589/572<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Hull, 2000 </a> <br> </td> <td> in hospital thromboprophylaxis followed by out of hospital Dalteparin 5000 IU once a day for a total duration of 35 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Dalteparin 5000 IU once a day or warfarin for 6 days </td> <td> THR </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=389/180<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Comp, 2001 </a> <br> </td> <td> in hospital thromboprophylaxis followed by out of hospital Enoxaparin 40 mg once a day for a total duration of 27-29 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> Enoxaparin 30 mg twice a day for 7-10 days </td> <td> THR or TKR </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=441/432<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Cohen (L8405), 2007 </a> <br> </td> <td> fondaparinux 2.5mg plus graduated compression stockings<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> fondaparinux 2.5mg daily </td> <td> patients undergoing elective or emergency hip surgery </td> <td> follow-up 42 days<br> n=426/430<br> Parallel groups<br> open <br> Brazil, UK, Hong Kong, Spain </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Ericksson, 1997 </a> <br> </td> <td> desirudin 15mg SC twice daily for 8-12 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 40mg once daily for 8-12 days </td> <td> Patients who undergo total hip replacement </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=-9/-9<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> Europe </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> REVASC, 1997 </a> <br> </td> <td> desirudin 15mg twice daily<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> unfractionated heparin 5000 IU three times a day </td> <td> patients having a primary elective total hip replacement </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=225/220<br> Parallel groups<br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Eriksson, 1996 </a> <br> </td> <td> recombinant hirudin, desirudin (CGP 39393) 10, 15, or 20 mg twice daily started just before surgery and continued for 8-11 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> unfractionated heparin 5000 IU three times daily started just before surgery and continued for 8-11 days </td> <td> patients undergoing elective hip surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=1119/0<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> Europe </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t10332.html"> ADVANCE 3, 2010 </a> <br> NCT00423319 </td> <td> apixaban 2.5mg twice daily for 35 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 40mg once daily for 35 days </td> <td> patients undergoing elective total hip replacement surgery </td> <td> follow-up 35 days (+60)<br> n=2708/2699<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> 21 countries </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> ADVANCE 2, 2010 </a> <br> NCT00452530 </td> <td> apixaban 2.5mg twice daily during 12 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 40mg once daily 12 days </td> <td> patients undergoing elective unilateral or bilateral total knee replacement </td> <td> follow-up 12 days<br> n=1528/1529<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> 27 countries </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> L8541, 0 </a> <br> </td> <td> fondaparinux 2.5mg subcutaneous once-daily for 7+/-2 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 40mg s.c. once-daily </td> <td> chinese patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgery of the lower limbs </td> <td> follow-up 9 days (49d)<br> n=119/118<br> Parallel groups<br> single-blind <br> China </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> L8635, 0 </a> <br> </td> <td> Fondaparinux 2.5mg once daily subcutaneously for 7 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 40mg once daily SC for 7 days </td> <td> Taiwanese patients undergoing elective knee replacement </td> <td> follow-up 10 days<br> n=28/23<br> Parallel groups<br> open, blind assessment <br> Taiwan </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> DRI4757, 0 </a> <br> </td> <td> fondaparinux subcutaneously at 0.75, 1.5, 2.5, and 3.0 mg for at least 10 calendar days, (with a maximum of 14 days)<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> Japanese patients undergoing elective total knee replacement surgery </td> <td> follow-up 14 days<br> n=345/87<br> Parallel groups<br> double blind <br> Japan </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t11113.html"> RE-NOVATE 2, 0 </a> <br> NCT00657150 </td> <td> dabigatran 220mg once daily for 28-35 Days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> enoxaparin 40mg subcutaneous once daily for 28-35 Days </td> <td> patients undergoing total hip-replacement surgery </td> <td> follow-up 28-35 days (mean 32d)<br> n=1010/1003<br> Parallel groups<br> double-blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Wood , 1973 </a> <br> </td> <td> RA233; Aspirin 600mg daily +RA233<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> traumatic orthopaedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=21/9<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Zekert-I , 1974 </a> <br> </td> <td> Aspirin 1500mg daily<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> patients undergoing surgery of hip-joint proximal fractures </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=138/140<br> Parallel groups<br> double-blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Morris-A , 1977 </a> <br> </td> <td> dipyridamole<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> control </td> <td> elderly patients with hip fractures </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=24/24<br> Parallel groups<br> open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Morris-B , 1977 </a> <br> </td> <td> Aspirin 900 mg daily + dipyridamole<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> control </td> <td> elderly patients with hip fractures </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=32/32<br> Parallel groups<br> open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Mocris-C , 1977 </a> <br> </td> <td> Flurbiprofen<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> control </td> <td> elderly patients with hip fractures </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=20/20<br> Parallel groups<br> open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Powers , 1976 </a> <br> </td> <td> A1300<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> traumatic orthopaedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=66/63<br> <br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Danish-A , 1976 </a> <br> </td> <td> Hydroxychloroquine sulphate<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> patients with fractures of the hip, pelvis, or thoracolumbar spine </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=48/50<br> Parallel groups<br> double-blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Danish-B , 1976 </a> <br> </td> <td> Hydroxychloroquine sulphate<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> patients with fractures of the hip, pelvis, or thoracolumbar spine </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=27/28<br> Parallel groups<br> <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Massachusetts-I , 1981 </a> <br> </td> <td> Aspirin 1200mg daily, Aspirin 1200mg daily + hydroxychloroquine 300 mg b.i.d.<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> control </td> <td> patients with upper femoral fractures </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=50/25<br> Parallel groups<br> open <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Encke-II , 1976 </a> <br> </td> <td> Aspirin 1500mg daily, Aspirin 990mg daily + dipyridamol<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> patients with abdominal operations </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=34/25<br> Parallel groups<br> double-blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> Erfurt-B , 1979 </a> <br> </td> <td> A1500<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> placebo </td> <td> traumatic orthopaedic surgery </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=44/44<br> <br> double-blind <br> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="index.html"> STARS J-V, </a> <br> </td> <td> edoxaban 30 mg once daily for 11 to 14 days<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> subcutaneous enoxaparin 2,000 IU, equivalent to 20 mg, twice daily (BID) for 11 to 14 days </td> <td> total hip arthroplasty </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=255/248<br> Parallel groups<br> double-blind <br> japan </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="TRC_t10385.html"> NCT00320398, 0 </a> <br> NCT00320398 </td> <td> Fondaparinux<br>  <i>versus</i> <br> </td> <td> patients undergoing either an elective primary total hip replacement (THR) surgery or a revision of a THR </td> <td> follow-up <br> n=-9/-9<br> <br> double-blind <br> Japan </td> </tr> </table> <h2>References</h2> <p> <b>PEP hip-fracture, 2000 : </b> Prevention of pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis with low dose aspirin: Pulmonary Embolism Prevention (PEP) trial. <i>Lancet 2000 Apr 15;355:1295-302</i> [PMID 10776741] </p> <p> <b>Turpie, 1986 : </b> Turpie AG, Levine MN, Hirsh J, Carter CJ, Jay RM, Powers PJ, Andrew M, Hull RD, Gent MA randomized controlled trial of a low-molecular-weight heparin (enoxaparin) to prevent deep-vein thrombosis in patients undergoing elective hip surgery. <i>N Engl J Med 1986 Oct 9;315:925-9</i> [PMID 3531851] </p> <p> <b>Leclerc, 1991 : </b> Leclerc JR, Geerts WH, Desjardins L, Jobin F, Laroche F, Delorme F, Haviernick S, Atkinson S, Bourgouin JPrevention of deep vein thrombosis after major knee surgery--a randomized, double-blind trial comparing a low molecular weight heparin fragment (enoxaparin) to placebo. <i>Thromb Haemost 1992 Apr 2;67:417-23</i> [PMID 1321509] </p> <p> <b>Torholm, 1991 : </b> Torholm C, Broeng L, Jorgensen PS, Bjerregaard P, Josephsen L, Jorgensen PK, Hagen K, Knudsen JBThromboprophylaxis by low-molecular-weight heparin in elective hip surgery. A placebo controlled study. <i>J Bone Joint Surg Br 1991 May;73:434-8</i> [PMID 1670445] </p> <p> <b>Lassen, 1991 : </b> Lassen MR, Borris LC, Christiansen HM, Boll KL, Eiskjaer SP, Nielsen BW, Sch�tt P, Olsen AD, Rodenberg JC, Lucht UPrevention of thromboembolism in 190 hip arthroplasties. Comparison of LMW heparin and placebo. <i>Acta Orthop Scand 1991;62:33-8</i> [PMID 1848385] </p> <p> <b>Eriksson , 1988 : </b> Eriksson BI, Zachrisson BE, Teger-Nilsson AC, Risberg BThrombosis prophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin in total hip replacement. <i>Br J Surg 1988 Nov;75:1053-7</i> [PMID 2463035] </p> <p> <b>Planes , 1988 : </b> Planes A, Vochelle N, Mazas F, Mansat C, Zucman J, Landais A, Pascariello JC, Weill D, Butel JPrevention of postoperative venous thrombosis: a randomized trial comparing unfractionated heparin with low molecular weight heparin in patients undergoing total hip replacement. <i>Thromb Haemost 1988 Dec 22;60:407-10</i> [PMID 2853459] </p> <p> <b>Chiapuzzo , 1988 : </b> Chiapuzzo E, Orengo GB, Ottria G, Chiapuzzo A, Palazzini E, Fusillo MThe use of low molecular weight heparins for postsurgical deep vein thrombosis prevention in orthopaedic patients. <i>J Int Med Res 1988 Sep-Oct;16:359-66</i> [PMID 3197913] </p> <p> <b>Pini , 1989 : </b> Pini M, Tagliaferri A, Manotti C, Lasagni F, Rinaldi E, Dettori AGLow molecular weight heparin (Alfa LHWH) compared with unfractionated heparin in prevention of deep-vein thrombosis after hip fractures. <i>Int Angiol 1989 Jul-Sep;8:134-9</i> [PMID 2556484] </p> <p> <b>Dechavanne , 1989 : </b> Dechavanne M, Ville D, Berruyer M, Trepo F, Dalery F, Clermont N, Lerat JL, Moyen B, Fischer LP, Kher ARandomized trial of a low-molecular-weight heparin (Kabi 2165) versus adjusted-dose subcutaneous standard heparin in the prophylaxis of deep-vein thrombosis after elective hip surgery. <i>Haemostasis 1989;19:5-12</i> [PMID 2537787] </p> <p> <b>Monreal , 1989 : </b> Monreal M, Lafoz E, Navarro A, Granero X, Caja V, Caceres E, Salvador R, Ruiz JA prospective double-blind trial of a low molecular weight heparin once daily compared with conventional low-dose heparin three times daily to prevent pulmonary embolism and venous thrombosis in patients with hip fracture. <i>J Trauma 1989 Jun;29:873-5</i> [PMID 2544742] </p> <p> <b>Leyvraz , 1991 : </b> Leyvraz PF, Bachmann F, Hoek J, Buller HR, Postel M, Samama M, Vandenbroek MDPrevention of deep vein thrombosis after hip replacement: randomised comparison between unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparin. <i>BMJ 1991 Sep 7;303:543-8</i> [PMID 1655136] </p> <p> <b>Haas , 1987 : </b> Haas S, Stemberger A, Fritsche HM, Welzel D, Wolf H, Lechner F, Blumel GProphylaxis of deep vein thrombosis in high risk patients undergoing total hip replacement with low molecular weight heparin plus dihydroergotamine. <i>Arzneimittelforschung 1987 Jul;37:839-43</i> [PMID 2823840] </p> <p> <b>Lassen, 1988 : </b> Lassen MR, Borris LC, Christiansen HM, Moller-Larsen F, Knudsen VE, Boris P, Nehen AM, de Carvalho A, Jurik AG, Nielsen BWHeparin/dihydroergotamine for venous thrombosis prophylaxis: comparison of low-dose heparin and low molecular weight heparin in hip surgery. <i>Br J Surg 1988 Jul;75:686-9</i> [PMID 2843255] </p> <p> <b>Lassen, 1989 : </b> Lassen MR, Borris LC, Christiansen HM, Moller-Larsen F, Knudsen VE, Boris P, Nehen AM, Jurik AG, de Carvalho A, Nielsen BWPrevention of thromboembolism in hip-fracture patients. Comparison of low-dose heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin combined with dihydroergotamine. <i>Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 1989;108:10-3</i> [PMID 2913977] </p> <p> <b>Yoo, 1997 : </b> Yoo MC, Kang CS, Kim YH, Kim SKA prospective randomized study on the use of nadroparin calcium in the prophylaxis of thromboembolism in Korean patients undergoing elective total hip replacement. <i>Int Orthop 1997;21:399-402</i> [PMID 9498151] </p> <p> <b>Samama, 1997 : </b> Samama CM, Clergue F, Barre J, Montefiore A, Ill P, Samii KLow molecular weight heparin associated with spinal anaesthesia and gradual compression stockings in total hip replacement surgery. Arar Study Group. <i>Br J Anaesth 1997 Jun;78:660-5</i> [PMID 9215015] </p> <p> <b>Levine, 1996 : </b> Levine MN, Gent M, Hirsh J, Weitz J, Turpie AG, Powers P, Neemeh J, Willan A, Skingley PArdeparin (low-molecular-weight heparin) vs graduated compression stockings for the prevention of venous thromboembolism. A randomized trial in patients undergoing knee surgery. <i>Arch Intern Med 1996 Apr 22;156:851-6</i> [PMID 8774203] </p> <p> <b>Kalodiki, 1996 : </b> Kalodiki EP, Hoppensteadt DA, Nicolaides AN, Fareed J, Gill K, Regan F, al-Kutoubi A, Cunningham DA, Birch R, Harris N, Hunt D, Johnson J, Marx CDeep venous thrombosis prophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin and elastic compression in patients having total hip replacement. A randomised controlled trial. <i>Int Angiol 1996 Jun;15:162-8</i> [PMID 8803642] </p> <p> <b>Warwick, 1995 : </b> Warwick D, Bannister GC, Glew D, Mitchelmore A, Thornton M, Peters TJ, Brookes SPerioperative low-molecular-weight heparin. 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