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antithrombotics in thrombosis prevention for medical patients, clinical trials results

apixaban versus enoxaparin
ADOPT, 2011 NCT00457002	apixaban, administered orally at a dose of 2.5 mg twice daily for 30 days versus enoxaparin, administered subcutaneously at a dose of 40 mg once daily for 6 to 14 days	acutely ill patients who had congestive heart failure or respiratory failure or other medical disorders and at least one additional risk factor for venous thromboembolism and who were hospitalized with an expected stay of at least 3 days	double-blind Follow-up duration: 30 days
aspirin + dipyridamol versus control
Chicago, 1982	aspirin, 300 mg bid, and dipyridamole, 75 mg tid versus control	patients with acute spinal cord injury	open
aspirin + dipyridamol versus placebo
Frankfurt, 1981	A+Dip,A1320 versus placebo	patients with myocardial infarction	double-blind
betrixaban versus enoxaparin
APEX, 2016 NCT01583218	betrixaban (at a dose of 80 mg once daily) for 35 to 42 days versus subcutaneous enoxaparin (at a dose of 40 mg once daily) for 10±4 days	Patients who were hospitalized for acute medical illnesses and with an elevated d-dimer level	double-blind
certoparin versus UFH
CERTIFY, 2010	versus
dalteparin versus placebo
Leizorovicz, 2004	Dalteparin 5000E once daily, 1' days versus placebo	Congestive heart failure (NYHA III–IV), acute or chronic respiratory disease, infectious and rheumatologic disease	double blind Follow-up duration: 21 days
dalteparin versus UFH
PROTECT, 2011 NCT00182143	subcutaneous dalteparin 5000 IU once daily versus unfractionated heparin 5000 IU twice daily	critically ill patients	double-blind Canada, Australia, Brazil, Saudi Arabia, US, UK
dipyridamol + ASA versus placebo
Denver-Il , 1980	dipyridamole 100 mg a day and aspirin 1200 mg a day versus placebo	patients with recurring venous thromboembolism	double-blind Follow-up duration: 18 months
enoxaparin versus placebo
LIFENOX, 2011 NCT00622648	subcutaneous enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 10±4 days versus placebo	hospitalized, acutely ill medical patients	double-blind Follow-up duration: 30 days China, India, Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, the Philippines, and Tunisia
Enoxaparin versus placebo
Lederle, 2006	Enoxaparin 40 mg once daily, until hospital discharge versus placebo	Hospitalization in general medical unit	double blind Follow-up duration: 90 days
MEDENOX, 1999	Enoxaparin 20 mg or 40 mg once daily, 6–14 days versus placebo	Acute decompensated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with mechanical ventilation	double blind Follow-up duration: 6-14 days
enoxaparin versus UFH
Bergmann and Neuhart, 1996	enoxaparin 20 mg once daily for 10 days versus unfractionated heparin (UFH) 5000 IU twice daily	elderly in-patients bedridden for an acute medical illness	double-blind Follow-up duration: 10 days
Lechler, 1996	enoxaparin 40 mg versus unfractionated heparin (Ca-heparin), 3 x 5,000 U)	hospitalized medical patients	double-blind Follow-up duration: 7 days
Kleber, 2003	enoxaparin 40 mg once daily for 10 +/2 days versus UFH 5000 IU 3 times daily for 10 +/2 days	severe respiratory disease or heart failure	open Follow-up duration: 10 +/- 2 days Germany
Extended-duration prophylaxis versus error
EXCLAIM, 2010 NCT00077753	Enoxaparin, 40 mg/d subcutaneously (for 28 +/-4 days after receiving openlabel enoxaparin for an initial 10+/-4 days versus placebo for 28 +/-4 days after receiving openlabel enoxaparin for an initial 10+/-4 days.	Acutely Ill Medical Patients With Recently Reduced Mobility	double-blind Follow-up duration: 28 days North and South America
fondaparinux versus enoxaparin
BRiEF, NCT00521885	fondaparinux 2.5mg qd versus enoxaparin 40mg qd	acute medically ill, non-surgical patients	Germany
fondaparinux versus placebo
ARTEMIS (Cohen), 2006	Fondaparinux 2.5 mg once daily for 6–14 days versus placebo	High-risk medical patients	double blind Follow-up duration: 6-15 days 8 countries
LMWH versus UFH
Harenberg, 1990	1 x 1.500 aPTT units of a LMW heparin fraction versus 3 x 5.000 IU of an unfractionated heparin	patients aged 40-80 years	double-blind Follow-up duration: 10 days
Harenberg, 1996	1 daily subcutaneous administration of LMW heparin for 10 days versus 3 x 5,000 IU unfractionated (UF) heparin for 10 days	medical inpatients	double-blind Follow-up duration: 10 days
nadroparin versus placebo
Bergmann, 1996	nadroparin 7500 u anti-Xa once daily versus placebo	hospitalized medical	Follow-up duration: up to 21
Nadroparin versus placebo
Fraisse, 2000	Nadroparin 3800–5700E once daily, Until no longer mechanical ventilation, <=21 days versus placebo	Acute decompensated chronic obstructive pulmonary diseasewith mechanical ventilation	double blind Follow-up duration: <=21 days
Mahe, 2005	nadroparin 7500E once daily, Until hospital discharge, <=21 days versus placebo	Congestive heart failure (NYHA III–IV), acute or respiratory disease, nonpulmonary sepsis, cancer	double blind Follow-up duration: <=21 days
Pharmuka versus placebo
Dahan, 1986	Pharmuka 60 mg once daily, Until hospital discharge,<=10 days versus placebo	Congestive heart failure (NYHA III–IV), acute or respiratory infectious disease	double blind Follow-up duration: <10 days
rivaroxaban versus placebo
MARINER, 2018 NCT02111564	once-daily rivaroxaban at a dose of 10 mg (with the dose adjusted for renal insufficiency) , begun at hospital discharge and continued for 45 days versus placebo	high-risk medical patients : medically ill patients who were at increasedrisk for venous thromboembolism on the basis of a modified International Medical Prevention Registry on Venous Thromboembolism (IMPROVE) score of 4 or higher (scores range from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating a higher risk of venous thromboembolism) or a score of 2 or 3 plus a plasma d-dimer level of more than twice the upper limit of the normal range (defined according to local laboratory criteria)	double blind
ticlopidine versus placebo
McKenna-II , 1983	Ticlopidine versus placebo	high risk (post CVA) medical patients	double-blind
UFH versus control
Blech, 1981	Unfractionated heparin, 5000 U trice daily, until mobilized versus control	Heart failure, chest infection	open Follow-up duration: <=14 days
Cade, 0	Unfractionated heparin, 5000 U twice daily, until mobilized or <=10 days versus	Age >40, complete bed rest, cardiac failure, obesity, previous VTE, cancer or recent surgery	Follow-up duration: <=10 days
Gardlund, 1996	Unfractionated heparin, 5000 U twice daily, until hospital discharge, <=21 days versus control	Age >55, infectious disease Immobilization	open Follow-up duration: <=60 days

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